In the past few years, it has become clear that you can, in fact, make new neurons starting in your 20s and continuing well into old age. You can exactly rewire the brain with new parts as the older parts wear out. How? There are lots of things you can do right now to preserve, protect and enhance your gray matter.

A healthy body really does mean a healthy mind. In the last decade it became clear that regular exercise beneficially affects brain function. Exercise boosts brain power by inspiring formation of new brain cells (neurons), the process known as neurogenesis2. Also, exercise strengthens connections between those cells. Researchers have found the areas of the brain that are stimulated through exercise are associated with memory and learning1.
Physical exercise may even help prevent Alzheimer's disease. Several studies7-9 have confirmed that regular physical activity reduces the risk of cognitive decline and dementia in old age.
Lifelong Learning - Your Brain Is A Learning Machine

But if you continue to learn and challenge yourself, your brain continues to grow, literally. Recent research12 have demonstrated that learning over time enhances memory and the survival of new brain cells. An active brain produces new connections between nerve cells that allow cells to communicate with one another. This helps your brain store and retrieve information more easily, no matter what your age.
How can you challenge yourself? Scientists agree that anything that is new and expands your knowledge will be effective:
Learning to play a musical instrument.
Switching careers or starting a new one.
Starting a new hobby, such as crafts, painting, biking or bird-watching.
Learning a foreign language. According to the latest study speaking more than one language may slow the aging process in the mind.
Staying informed about what's going on in the world
Learning to cook new dish.
If you let your brain be idle, it's not going to be in the best health.
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